To keep more heat in the shop use an air to air heat exchanger. This transferes some of the heat from the exhaust air to the incoming make up air.
In My experience, the smoke is warmer than the shop air and tends to go up anyway. A better aproach may be to use extraction right at the immediate welding area if possible rather than an extremely large exhaust system.
Radiant heat works better than heating the shop air in a situation that requires ventilation. You FEEL the warmth even if the shop air is cool.
sadly tom the only place for the fan is up high, but the size of your shop will not require a huge fan to remove the smoke with a small vent on an opposeing wall so you can close the doors in the winter and will cause a cross draft to keep it cool in the summer if you call your local ventalation guy he will be able to suggest the right size for your shop and the heat lose will be nominal.