underbead cracking

By waccobird (****)

Date 09-30-2009 11:58

this one? http://www.aws.org/cgi-bin/mwf/topic_show.pl?pid=65210;hl=underbead%20cracking%20

By ssbn727 (*****)

Date 09-30-2009 18:17 Edited 10-01-2009 04:13

Hi Firstpass!

Here's some stuff I had saved which I quickly put together...

This article is from Lincoln Electric on storing SMAW electrodes:

http://www.lincolnelectric.com/knowledge/articles/content/storing.asp

This one is on different types of weld cracking situations and causes:

http://content.lincolnelectric.com/pdfs/knowledge/articles/content/weldcracking.pdf

Here's an interesting (At least to me anyway!) article from Australia:

http://dspace.dsto.defence.gov.au/dspace/bitstream/1947/4098/1/DSTO-TR-0320%20PR.pdf

Here's another really good article from Australia:

http://www.australianweldingsolutions.com.au/technical_papers/I_havent_changed_anything_&_now_Ive_got_these_cracks.pdf

Here's an article from Kobelco of Japan on the Carbon Equivalent formula used to calculate the minimum preheat temperature to use on carbon steels in order to avoid the potential for underbead cracking:

http://www.kobelcowelding.com/Kobelco%20Welding%20Today/Vol-10%28No.1%29.pdf

http://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/welding/files/v4n4.7.pdf

Here's a case history from the Army Corp of Engineers of a bridge in Pasco Washington which upon repeated repairs, parts of the bridge still kept cracking:

http://140.194.76.129/publications/eng-manuals/em1110-2-2701/a-b.pdf

Here's a power point presentation on visual inspection:

http://wwwb.dot.ga.gov/dot/construction/materials-research/Documents/ppt/vis_inspect/vis_inspect.PPT

http://www.dryrod.com/guide.html

If I find more I'll add it later because I've got some other stuff to do right now so, I apologize for not giving you more info.

Respectfully,
Henry

By swsweld (****)

Date 10-01-2009 03:47

>If I find more I'll ad it later because I've got some other stuff to do right now so ,i apologize for not giving you more info.

>Respectfully,
>Henry

Only the "Information Czar" would apologize for not giving more info after that info packed reply :)
Three star post.

By ssbn727 (*****)

Date 10-01-2009 04:16 Edited 10-01-2009 04:24

Wow thanks but is that my new nickname???
I kind of got used to being called an "old fart" but heck, "Information Czar" sounds pretty cool to me yet, please don't confuse that with knowing everything because I know I don't!!! ;)And I sure as heck wouldn't want to anyway because then life would be too darn boring knowing what was going to happen next, and man would all of those headaches from having all of that knowledge stuck in one's head!!! Sheeesh!! Not for me my friend - no, no!!! Not for me.;) I'd rather live by the K.I.S.S philosophy of living! ;) ;) ;)
Thanks for the compliment nonetheless Swsweld!!! :) :) :)

Respectfully,
Henry

By ssbn727 (*****)

Date 10-01-2009 07:47

Here's one more on preheat for you:

http://www.lincolnelectric.com/knowledge/articles/content/preheat.asp

Now I don't know if your working with FEMA 353 Guidlines so, if you are here's a link to find our more:

http://www.lincolnelectric.com/knowledge/articles/content/fema.asp

Here's the FEMA 353 Welding Manual just in case you need it:

http://content.lincolnelectric.com/pdfs/products/literature/c160.pdf

Anywho, that's all I've got for now so, ENJOY THE READING!!! :) :) :)

Respectfully,
Henry

By Metarinka (****)

Date 10-02-2009 00:37

here's a question to no one in particular.

under my current understanding, underbead cracking usually has a componenet of stress upon the cooled weld bead, which allows for micro tears or even variations in grain structure to accumulate the still diffusing hydrogen.

Now I've always been curious is this overall situation at all dependent on stress orientation relative to the weld bead, or grain structure. My thought would be that compressive loads are significantly less likely to open up internal defects as the force is acting to push the grains closer together.

also voids in the grain structure are most always going to be oriented based upon the slippage plains of the grain structure. If stress is acting perpendicular to the long axis of a grain boundary wouldn't that also act to close together any possible voids (then again hydrogen atoms are very small).

Anyone have any field experience or data on this subject. This is merely my (semi)logical guessing as I never have had to deal with hydrogen cracking in my work.

By ssbn727 (*****)

Date 10-02-2009 11:54

Hi Metarinka!

Are you referring to SOHIC? This is Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking...

This one is from Stork materials Technology of Cooperheat and I'm not quite sure if you're describing SOHIC as shown in this .pdf? :

http://www.stisgroup.com/downloads/TechnicalServices/ThIS/Datasheets/318%20-%20Hyd%20Ind%20Att%20&%20Dam.pdf

Here is an interesting yet generalized webpage by Quest Reliability:

http://216.90.67.54/Default.aspx?tabid=167

This on is on Hydrogen damage from Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_damage#Hydrogen_stress_cracking

I like this generalized explanation of different types of hydrogen failures by the AWS:

http://www.aws.org/w/a/wj/2004/01/still_feature/index.html

Here's another good article or 2 on HIC and the influence of welding on steel weldment properties:

http://eagar.mit.edu/3.37/H-3371-16.pdf

http://eagar.mit.edu/3.37/H-3371-17.pdf

This one is on the selection of Carbon and Low alloy steels:

http://eagar.mit.edu/3.37/H-3371-17.pdf

This explanation of HIC comes from the Corrosion Doctors (Remember to click the next page to complete the explanation which goes right into Hydrogen Embrittlement):

http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Forms-HIC/HIC.htm

This one is rather simplistic in nature yet nonetheless relevant for anyone to read and understand and is from the Corrosion Clinic:

http://www.corrosionclinic.com/types_of_corrosion/hydrogen-induced_cracking_HIC.htm

http://www.corrosionclinic.com/types_of_corrosion/hydrogen_embrittlement_HE.htm

Here's another very good article from Sandia National Labs:

http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/10194547-t9MDik/webviewable/10194547.pdf

This one is from the University of Bejing:

http://www.scichina.com:8082/sciEe/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=405314

Here is an interesting article from the Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology:

http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnst/44/7/1007/_pdf

Here's another one from Japan:

http://ecsmeet6.peerx-press.org/ms_files/ecsmeet6/2009/03/10/00000185/00/185_0_art_0_kgn3x5.pdf

This one is based on hydrogen works with aerospace Ti alloys:

http://www.ariel.ac.il/management/research/pf/zinigrad/mmt/WS2003/Papers/244-256.doc

Here's another one on Ti alloy as well as Austenitic and Super-Martensitic stainless steels:

http://www.icf11.com/proceeding/EXTENDED/5766.pdf

This one is an excellent article as it relates to NDT and controlling Ultrasonic-Inspection Intervals by Monitoring Hydrogen Permeation:

http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt98/chemical/104/104.htm

Here's another link that shows an actual HIC using Ultrasonic inspection:

http://www.matrixie.com/ut_hic.htm

This one is from transactions of the Iron and Steel Institue of Japan:

http://www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp/jnlpdf.php?cdjournal=isijinternational1966&cdvol=25&noissue=9&startpage=982&lang=en&from=jnlabstract

Another excellent article which covers mostly environmental factors yet is somewhat relevant in an increasing manner to this discussion:

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/pdf/AMPQ9_1ART02.pdf

Here is a pretty decent explanation of hydrogen embrittlement:

http://www.uni-saarland.de/fak8/wwm/research/phd_barnoush/hydrogen.pdf

Followed by this one;

http://www.shaker.de/Online-Gesamtkatalog-Download/2009.10.02-12.02.55-24.131.81.169-rad422F1.tmp/3-8322-7834-6_INH.PDF

Hydrogen Embrittlement of Metals, A Primer for the Failure Analyst:

http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/WSRC-STI-2008-00062.pdf

This one is from the University of Pennsylvania:

http://www.energy.upenn.edu/docs/3.9.07-poster-X.Y.Liu.pdf

This one from Princeton is based on a Quantum-mechanically informed continuum model of hydrogen embrittlement:

http://www.princeton.edu/mae/people/faculty/carter/ecdocs/EAC-155.pdf

I like this one from BP:

http://www.efcweb.org/efcweb_media/Downloads/Attachment_2.pdf

I like the clarity of the SEM image in this one:

http://www.journalamme.org/papers_vol20/1489S.pdf

Remember the SuprPhenix LMFBR (Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor) built in France? Here's an interesting article:

http://www.iasmirt.org/iasmirt-3/SMiRT10/DC_250748

I'm not quite sure what you're asking but, perhaps this article may help some although I caution that it is quite long so be patient when reading this:

http://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/5D29D027-0ED7-4C02-A755-8F920B73AF71/0/lec20_olander3.pdf

Here's an interesting article regarding the Collins class Submarines used by the Australian Navy:

http://dspace.dsto.defence.gov.au/dspace/bitstream/1947/4047/1/DSTO-TR-0354%20PR.pdf

This one is from the Tri-Service Corrosion conference of 2007:

http://www.corrdefense.org/Technical%20Papers/Wet%20H2S%20Cracking%20Problem%20In%20Oil%20Refinery%20Processes-Material%20Selection%20and%20Operation%20Control%20Issues.pdf

Here is a Saudi Power point presentation in .pdf format:

http://ocw.kfupm.edu.sa/user/CHE54501/07-Mechanical_Aspects_of_Corrosion.pdf

A Polish perspective from the Gadansk University of Technology in Poland:

http://www.pg.gda.pl/mech/kim/AMS/012005/ams01200501.pdf

And another on from Poland:

http://am.ippt.gov.pl/contents_pdf/1220428535577d.pdf

Greg Olson's quantum calculations at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center:

http://www.psc.edu/science/Olson/Olson.html#one

http://www.psc.edu/science/Olson/Olson-cracks.html

http://www.psc.edu/science/Olson/Olson-quench.html

Finite Element Analysis of the Stress and Deformation Fields around the Blunting Crack Tip

https://qir.kyushu-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2324/12825/1/paper1.pdf

I'll leave you with this one from the University of Illinois Urban Champaign:

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/09_sofronis_pipe_steels.pdf

Well, I lied... Here's an oldie but a goodie:

http://eagar.mit.edu/EagarPapers/Eagar077.pdf

I just have to squeeze in this cfunny Power point presentation:

http://www.intertanko.com/upload/presentations/RINA022004.PPT

Yuo mentioned that you were interested in nantechnology? Well lokk at this:

http://www.pa.msu.edu/cmp/csc/eprint/DT200.pdf

Here's another one:

http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/bin.asp?CID=2226&DID=154922&DOC=FILE.PDF

This may startle you at first because it starts out as being written in French but, don't worry because it's in English instead:

http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/22/22/98/PDF/ajp-jphyscol198243C617.pdf

Finally, here's a relatively inexpensive book I recommend:

http://www.normas.com/ASM/pages/6344.html

Well, that's about ti for now... I hope this information will be able to answer the question you had in mind! ;) ;) ;)

Respectfully,
Henry

By 803056

Date 10-02-2009 16:22

If you don't know the answer, baffel them with information overload.

Good show Henry! ;)

Best regards - Al

By ssbn727 (*****)

Date 10-02-2009 18:34

Hi Al!

He asked for data so, I gave him some... He wasn't too specific with what type of base or filler metal he was referring to so, I decided to give him some articles dealing with different metals...

All in all, I don't think anyone in here could just give him one answer that would cover every type of metal, and as you know too well that different metals including their various alloyed cousins so to speak, behave quite differently and do not always follow one theory that would cover them all... Hopefully, I covered all of the bases where he could extract an answer that would suit his fancy! :) :) :)

I believe there are a few in the mix that should satisfy his curiosity and I sprinkled some other stuff in there to hopefully show some different perspectives also.

I guess I got carried away just a tad... ;) ;) ;) Oh well, My motto is to always remain teachable, and I hope that he embraces it also. ;)

Respectfully,
Henry

By 803056

Date 10-02-2009 19:51

Henry, you are the infomation czar. If there is a question asked on any subject, you have a link to a website that will address the question. I don't know how you find them and I'm not going to ask.

If you have a question, who you gonna call? Henry, that who!

Keep up the good work! You're a good man to have around and a good person to call a friend.

Best regards - Al

By waccobird (****)

Date 10-02-2009 19:56

well said Al

By welderbrent (*****)

Date 10-04-2009 00:48

I'm just curious, does AWS get it's info from Henry?? LOL!! I don't think I know any one person with all the resources of information, or at least the knowledge of where to find it, as vast as Henry's. I wouldn't know where to keep it all. And even if I could begin, I wouldn't remember where to find it, even with my computer.

Thank you again Henry from someone who really appreciates all your efforts to help out the rest of us.

Have a Great Day, Brent

By Metarinka (****)

Date 10-02-2009 22:25

thanks, that will make some good reading while at work (don't tell the boss)