Mohamed,
AWS publications B1.10:1999 & B1.11:2000 have excellent illustrations of discontinuities/defects and which examination methods to use in the inspection.
You would need to address the particular code being worked to in order to find Acceptance/Rejection standards for said discontinuities. Each has different criteria as to the inspections standards for undercut, porosity, cracks, etc.
Many of the other reference materials published by AWS also have pics and/or illustrations of discontinuities; WIT (Welding Inspection Technology), Certification Manual for Welding Inspectors, Welding Inspection Handbook, and even A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definitions has an area with illustrations of discontinuities.
Just for the record, they are normally termed 'Discontinuities' until such time as by measurement or other determining factors they are determined to be in excess of the 'Acceptance' criteria and are thus 'Rejectable'. Many call it a 'Defect' at this point, it is properly a discontinuity which by nature or accumulated effect renders a part or product unable to meet minimum applicable acceptance standards (per A3.0 'Defect').
Have a Great Day, Brent
Mohamed,
I've got a complete set of drawings showing what discontinuities consist of. By looking at them, you'll understand what's "porosity", "worm holes", "slag inclusion" "lack of fusion" etc. etc.
Attention! I said drawings, not Xray pictures. They explain what discontinuities consist of, not how they look at Xray pictures. In any case, you won't recognize them on an Xray picture if first you don't know what they are.
They're not in electronic form, just printed. If you're interested, I'll mail a set to you by Non Priority Mail. They'll take about 25 days to reach you. You see, the whole set comprises some 20 pages, and it'll be too expensive to mail them by Priority Mail.
If you're interested, let me know your mailing address and I'll send them to you.
Brent is right, you can order those standards from AWS, if you can afford to.
Giovanni S. Crisi
Sao Paulo - Brazil
So right Professor, they will get expensive for most any of us if you try to buy all of them all at once. I wouldn't recommend that. But any of those publications will help out.
I'm sure there are others who can even post some pretty awesome pics of some 'BAD' welds with very obvious 'DEFECTS' since they would be well beyond Acceptable standards. In fact, I'll have to get my lap top out, I just redid some work that I HAD to get pics of before I repaired it. Beyond words. I'll try to get you some posted in here soon.
Have a Great Day, Brent
mohamedradwan1986@gmail.com
this is my e-mail
thx geovani
Mohamed,
Notice he said they were in a printed format, NOT electronic. He doesn't want your E-MAIL ADDRESS, he needs you to send him a PM with your personal snail mail address so he can send them to you. AND, they will take almost a month to get there. Truly, SNAIL MAIL. But the cheapest way to do it in their current format.
Have a Great Day, Brent
Brent,
apparently, Mohamed didn't understand that the drawings I have are printed, not electronic, and can't be sent by e-mail. Thankyou for pointing this out.
The drawings are just that: hand made drawings showing what the discontinuities (porosity, lack of fusion, slag inclusion etc. etc.) consist of. They don't say whether the discontinuities are acceptable or not. For this, the applicable standards, some of which you listed on your posting, must be consulted.
These drawings make part of the printed material I hand to my students to learn the subject I teach here at Mackenzie Presbyterian University in Sao Paulo. This printed material is called "apostila" in Portuguese, "apunte" in Spanish and "dispensa" in Italian. I don't know in English.
Why do I still use printed material instead of Power Point presentations saved in a CD? Because in this matter I'm old fashioned and think that engineering subjects should be studied on printed material (books, articles etc.) and not on Power Point presentations.
Giovanni S. Crisi
Giovanni,
Do you have a scanner on campus that you could use to scan these in and make them an electronic file such as a pdf?
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