At Canam-Manac in Quebec City Canada, thee company gives each welder a small, pocket sized booklet with the WPS in it. The welders have to have these booklets on hand while they are welding. This "at - hand" requirements is found in many contract specifications. You will not see it found in any AWS Code.
Every welder up there used those WPSs routinely, and they all knew how to read and interpret them. I do not know if they were specially trained, but that Company was AT LEAST the second best place I ever performed Third Party Inspections at. It is a Bridge Fabrication facility, and for my money, it is staffed by thoroughly professional QC people and floor managers.
On many Bridge Fabrication contract documents in the USA, the welders are required to have the WPSs on hand and of course know how to use them. While most welders do not know classification from specification, they all know weld positions, volts, amperes, WFS, and travel speed. They all seem to know a 7018 from a 8018-c3, and most seem to recognize different electrode diameters.