Tommy, residential boilers often have studs "stud welded" in place [no drilled hole, no weld on back side].
Have You seen the actual parts, or are You going on what someone described to You?
Laws that would govern welding of existing boilers (and pressure vessels) would be State and/or jurisdictional.
In Oregon, specifications for welding on boilers and/or pressure vessels fall under the Oregon Boiler & Pressure Vessel Law if it generates more than 15 psig or water over 160 psig and/or temperatures over 250 degrees F.
Although local jurisdictional laws may require stricter specifications.
Also in Oregon, pipefitters, boilermakers and welders must hold a State license to perform such work.
QCRobert