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If you can't with confidence identify the material and you are not constrained by code or a quality system, I would go with SMAW, because it will deal with impurities and in general can have better penetration on heavy material than will GMAW.
Hi
I am rather weary of doing any welding on materials that you are not sure of. Obviously you can take the chance, and 9 out of 10 times you may be lucky and get an acceptable result, but sometimes the down side risk is just too big to take the chance. Ask yourself what the repercussions will be if the material started cracking, and you have to discard the component. If the answer is "not much", then go ahead and take the chance. If however this is some critical component that will be very difficult or costly to replace, or there could be serious safety risks, then rather spend a little money to try and establish what material you are going to weld before striking the arc.
Regards
Niekie