You can pick up a small mig machine on the upper end of your budget. I would recommend at least 135 to 175 amp machine. I have a Hobart 135 w/ gas regulators 115v (no tank or gas included) for $400 at home and it does a nice job on exhaust systems. I've welded thicker materials with it but it takes some time because you have to run such small passes because of the size of the machine and duty cycle. I can get to more places under the car with the mig gun, than I can with a SMAW rod.
Many types of wire and gases available for those machines.
Anyway good luck with your decision,
John Wright