What diameter range are you talking about? There are some nice and fairly inexpensive 30x-60x range microscopes with an internal inch or mm scale on the reticle for measuring as an optical comparator.
I'm not sure how to measure the depth of the weld if thats what you mean by 3rd dimension...other than destructive test and etch.
for an example see:
http://www.scientificsonline.com/product.asp_Q_pn_E_3112101