I know in pipeline work we always have the helper grind a transition (if he is a good helper). This is usually on flanges, fittings, or when going to a different thickness pipe, like in a bend (usually .500 wall). Which would mean you are removing material from a thicker piece and only enough to fit to the pipe. I have never heard any inspector say "no, you will make it to thin". As far as that goes most of the heavier flanges are factory transitioned when they arrive. I have had some that were not transitioned very well and due to time constraints the boss had me weld it instead of spending more time getting a "proper" line up. It makes it real hard sometimes to get the root in far enough, crank the heat and hope you catch that back edge, and if you miss the edge it shows up in x-ray as IP. Not sure what the standards are for the type line you are doing but just my 2 cents. Joe