For technical information on how to properly perform the testing, refer to the applicable ASTM spec for the type of hardness test you wish to use.
ASTM E18 - Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
ASTM E10, Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
ASTM E92, Standard Test Method for VICKERS Hardness of Metallic Materials
To convert from one scale to another, see ASTM E140 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, VICKERS Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
Information on how to use the specific hardness tester should be obtained from the manufacturer (Leco, Mitutoyo, etc.)
Hope this helps.