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Steels. Am. Soc. for Testing and Materials, Publication No. 418, pp. 105–119. 7. Bennett, W. S., and Mills, C. S. 1974. CTA weldability studies on high manganese stainless steel. Welding Journal 53(12): 548-s to 553-s. 8. Heiple, C. R., and Roper, J. R. 1981. Effect of selenium on GTAW fusion zone geometry. Welding Journal 60(8): 143-s to 145-s. 9. Heiple, C. R., and Roper, J. R. 1982. Mechanism for minor element effect on GTA fusion zone geometry. Welding Journal 61(4): 97-s to 102-s. 10. Heiple, C. R., and Roper, J. R., Stagner, R. T., and Aden, R. J. 1983. Surface active element effects on the shape of GTA, laser, and electron beam welds. Welding Journal 62(3): 72-s to 77-s. 11. Paischeneder, W., DebRoy, T., Mundra, K., and Ebner, R. 1996. Welding Journal 75(3): 71-s to 80-s. 12. Sahoo, P., DebRoy, T., and McNallan, M. J. 1988. Metallurgical Transactions B 19: 483–491. 13. Oreper, G. M., Eagar, T. W., and Szekely, J. 1983. Convection in arc weld pools. Welding Journal 75(3): 307-s to 312-s. 14. Mishra, S., Lienert, T. J., Johnson, M. Q., and DebRoy, T. 2008. Acta Materialia 56: 2133–2146. 15. Rollin, A. F., and Bentley, M. J. 1984. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Effects of Residual, Trace and Micro-Alloying Elements on Weldability and Weld Properties. Cambridge, UK: TWI, p. 9. 16. Lienert, T. J., Burgardt, P., Harada, K. L., Forsyth, R. T., and DebRoy, T. 2014. Weld bead centerline shift during laser welding of austenitic stainless steels with different sulfur content. Scripta Materialia 71: 37–40. 17. Pal, S., Manvatkar, V., DebRoy, T., and Lienert, T. J. 2014. Rotational asymmetry in steel welds with dissimilar amounts of sulfur, unpublished documentation, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, June. 18. Additive Manufacturing, Sciaky Inc., www.sciaky.com/additive_manufacturing. html accessed on 2 May 2014. Acknowledgments Many thanks to Ashwin Raghavan, Jared Blecher, Dr. Chobi DebRoy, Dr. Thomas J. Leinert, Dr. John W. Elmer, Dr. David G. C. Robertson, Dr. Stan A. David, Dr. Harry K.D.H. Bhadeshia, Dr. Ronald M. Latanision, Dr. Kwadwo Osseo-Asare, and Dr. Thomas W. Eagar for their interest. 64 WELDING JOURNAL / APRIL 2015 TARASANKAR DEBROY (rtd1@psu.edu) is professor, Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pa. For info, go to www.aws.org/adindex For info, go to www.aws.org/adindex


Welding Journal | April 2015
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